This final section of
Chapter 2 has five verses:
2 Timothy
2:22-26
22 Flee also youthful lusts: but follow
righteousness, faith, charity, peace, with them that
call on the Lord out of a pure heart.
23 But foolish and unlearned questions avoid,
knowing that they do gender strifes.
24 And the servant of the Lord must not strive; but
be gentle unto all men, apt to teach, patient,
25 In meekness instructing those that oppose
themselves; if God peradventure will give them
repentance to the acknowledging of the truth;
26 And that they may recover themselves out of the
snare of the devil, who are taken captive by him at
his will.
We will begin with the Barclay's commentary:
ADVICE
TO A CHRISTIAN LEADER
2 Timothy
2:22–26 …paraphrased
Flee from youthful passions; run in pursuit of
righteousness in the company of those who call on
the Lord from a clean conscience. Have nothing to do
with foolish and stupid arguments, for you know that
they only breed quarrels. The servant of the Lord
must not fight, rather he must be kindly to all, apt
to teach, forbearing, disciplining his opponents by
gentleness. It may be that God will enable them to
repent, so that they will come to know the truth,
and so that they will escape from the snare of the
devil, when they are captured alive by God’s servant
that they may do God’s will.
HERE is a passage of most practical advice for
Christian leaders and teachers.
Timothy is told to flee from youthful lusts. Many
commentators have made suggestions as to what these
youthful lusts are. They are far more than the
passions of the flesh. They include that impatience,
which has never learned to make haste slowly and has
still to discover that too much haste can do far
more harm than good; that self-assertion, which is
intolerant in its opinions and arrogant in its
expression of them, and which has not yet learned to
see the good in points of view other than its own;
that love of debate, which tends to argue long and
act little, and which will talk the night away and
be left with nothing but a litter of unsolved
problems; and that love of novelty, which tends to
condemn a thing simply because it is old and to
desire a thing simply because it is new, underrating
the value of experience. One thing is to be noted –
the faults of youth are the faults of idealism. It
is simply the freshness and intensity of the vision
which makes youth run into these mistakes. Such
faults are matters not for austere condemnation but
for sympathetic correction, for everyone has a
virtue hidden beneath it.
Christian teachers and leaders are to aim at
righteousness, which means giving both to other
people and to God their due; at faith, which means
loyalty and reliability which both come from trust
in God; at love, which is the utter determination
never to seek anything but the highest good of our
neighbors, no matter what they do to us, and which
has put away forever all bitterness and all desire
for vengeance; and at peace, which is the right
relationship of loving fellowship with God and with
one another. And all these things are to be sought
in the company of those who call upon the Lord.
Christians must never seek to live apart and aloof
from others. They must find their strength and their
joy in the Christian fellowship. As John Wesley
said: ‘A man must have friends or make friends; for
no one ever [goes
to the Kingdom]
alone.’
Christian leaders must not get involved in senseless
controversies which are the curse of the Church. In
the modern Church, Christian arguments are usually
particularly senseless, for they are seldom about
great matters of life and doctrine and faith, but
almost always about unimportant and trivial things.
Once leaders become involved in senseless and
un-Christian controversy, they have forfeited all
right to lead.
Christian leaders must be kindly to all; even when
they have to criticize and point out a fault, it
must be done with the gentleness which never seeks
to hurt. They must be apt teachers; they must not
only know the truth but also be able to communicate
it, and they will do that not so much by talking
about it as by living in such a way that they show
Christ to others. They must be forbearing; like
their Master, if they are criticized they must not
respond with similar criticism; they must be able to
accept insult and injury, slights and humiliations,
as Jesus accepted them. There may be greater sins
than touchiness, but there is none which does
greater damage in the Christian Church. They must
discipline their opponents in gentleness; their
hands must be like the hands of a surgeon, unerring
to find the diseased spot, yet never for a moment
causing unnecessary pain. They must love people, not
browbeat them into submission to the truth.
The last sentence of this passage [verse
26]
is in very complex Greek, but it seems to be a hope
that God will awaken repentance and the desire for
the truth in people’s hearts, so that those who are
trapped by the devil may be rescued while their
souls are still alive and brought into obedience to
the will of God by the work of his servants. It is
God who awakes the repentance; it is the Christian
leaders who open the door of the Church to all who
have [repentant]
hearts. ~Barclay's
commentary
Now to the rest of the commentaries. We will begin
with the general and go to the specific.
First from the Matthew Henry Main which covers
verses 23 and 24.
He cautions him against contention, and, to prevent
this (2 Timothy 2:23), cautions him against foolish
and unlearned questions, that tend to no benefit,
strifes of words. Those who advanced them, and doted
upon them, thought themselves wise and learned; but
Paul calls them foolish and unlearned. The mischief
of these is that they gender strifes, that they
breed debates and quarrels among Christians and
ministers. It is very remarkable how often, and with
what seriousness, the apostle cautions Timothy
against disputes in religion, which surely was not
without some such design as this, to show that
religion consists more in believing and practicing
what God requires than in subtle disputes. - The
servant of the Lord must not strive, 2 Timothy 2:24.
Nothing worse becomes the servant of the Lord Jesus,
who himself did not strive nor cry (Matthew 12:19),
but was a pattern of meekness, and mildness, and
gentleness to all, than strife and contention. The
servant of the Lord must be gentle to all men, and
thereby show that he is himself subject to the
commanding power of that holy religion which he is
employed in preaching and propagating. - Apt to
teach. Those are unapt to teach who are apt to
strive, and are fierce and froward. Ministers must
be patient, bearing with evil. ~Matthew
Henry Main
Quoted verse:
Matthew
12:19 [I
will read from verse 15] ...the
Pharisees conspired to destroyed Jesus for breaking
the Sabbath
Matthew
12:15-19
15 But when Jesus knew it, he withdrew himself from
thence: and great multitudes followed him, and he
healed them all;
16 And charged them that they should not make him
known:
17 That it might be fulfilled which was spoken by
Esaias the prophet, saying,
18 Behold my servant, whom I have chosen; my
beloved, in whom my soul is well pleased: I will put
my spirit upon him, and he shall shew judgment to
the Gentiles.
19 He shall not strive, nor cry; neither shall any
man hear his voice in the streets.
Now to the Matthew Henry Concise,
The more we follow that which is good, the faster
and the further we shall flee from that which is
evil. The keeping up the communion of saints, will
take us from fellowship with unfruitful works of
darkness. See how often the apostle cautions against
disputes in religion; which surely shows that
religion consists more in believing and practicing
what God requires, than in subtle disputes. Those
are unapt to teach, who are apt to strive, and are
fierce and froward. Teaching, not persecution, is
the Scripture method of dealing with those in error.
The same God who gives the discovery of the truth,
by his grace brings us to acknowledge it, otherwise
our hearts would continue to rebel against it. There
is no “peradventure,” [chance,
doubt or uncertainty]
in respect of God's pardoning those who do repent;
but we cannot tell that he will give repentance to
those who oppose his will. Sinners are taken in a
snare, and in the worst snare, because it is the
devil's; they are slaves to him. And if any long for
deliverance, let them remember they never can
escape, except by repentance, which is the gift of
God; and we must ask it of him by earnest,
persevering prayer. ~Matthew
Henry Concise
I find this commentary chuck full of important
principles and concepts. So I am going to break it
out into parts for better understanding. We have
covered most of them in past sermons and Bible
studies.
1] "The
more we follow that which is good, the faster and
the further we shall flee from that which is evil."
That is, bring in the good, and the less than good
and evil must depart. The key words in this
statement are "faster" and "further." The more you
actively immerse yourself in God's Word, the further
and faster you will go.
2] "The
keeping up the communion of saints, will take us
from fellowship with unfruitful works of darkness."
There is more here than just communication with
other firstfruits. It is the application of your
heart and mind on the greater Body of Christ and
specific members in that Body. It is manifested when
you pray for others. It is also manifested in deep,
intimate communication with them.
3] "See
how often the apostle cautions against disputes in
religion; which surely shows that religion consists
more in believing and practicing what God requires,
than in subtle disputes."
We have talked almost endlessly about the problems
with false doctrines and going off into vain
jangling [1 Timothy 1:6]. We have to...must be
hearers and doers of the Word of God. The more you
are doing the Word of God, the less disputes you
will ever enter. The gentleness and patience will
reign in your heart and mind.
4]
"Teaching, not persecution, is the Scripture method
of dealing with those in error."
This is what firstfruit ministers do. They do not
enter into arguments. They preach a sermon. They
give the other person who is seeking dispute or
argument, something to read or to consider. The
minister leads this individuals to truth but does
not hit him over the head with it.
5] "The
same God who gives the discovery of the truth, by
his grace brings us to acknowledge it, otherwise our
hearts would continue to rebel against it."
Ours is a God the Father and Christ-centered
religion and way of life. Gods leads us to truth. He
then makes us acknowledge it. Without this process,
we would rebel. The more you are immersed into the
Word of God, the more you will acknowledge truth.
Your immersion process is one of the primary ways
God leads us to truth. Another would be His
intercession into our every experience of life. See
the need for assiduity prayers?
6] "There
is no 'peradventure,' [chance,
doubt or uncertainty] in
respect of God's pardoning those who do repent; but
we cannot tell that he will give repentance to those
who oppose his will."
Repentance is much more than just repenting of
something. It is understanding that God must grant
the repentance. It is understanding that we must
know if we are opposing His will. It is
understanding that we must know His will.
7] "Let
them remember they never can escape, except by
repentance, which is the gift of God; and we must
ask it of him by earnest, persevering prayer."
Know that God created the concept of repentance.
Know that repentance is a gift of God. Know that you
cannot just invoke it or do it; you must pray always
that God grant you repentance; that He gives you
this gift.
Now to the specific commentaries.
I am going to go with the Barnes on this verse and
break it into five parts.
1] And the servant of the Lord.
2] Must not strive. [some commentaries combine these
two parts]
3] But be gentle unto all men.
4] Apt to teach.
5] Patient.
1] And the servant of the Lord.
The servant
of the Lord must not strive.
- Hence, should not engage in these profitless
discussions. ~People's
New Testament
A servant of
the Lord must not strive -
Eagerly or passionately. Strive - As do the vain
wranglers spoken of, 2 Timothy 2:23. ~John
Wesley Explanatory Notes
Quoted verse:
2 Timothy
2:23 [See
Lesson]
But foolish and unlearned questions avoid, knowing
that they do gender strifes.
And the
servant of the Lord -
Referring here primarily to the Christian minister,
but applicable to all Christians; for all profess to
be the servants of the Lord. ~Barnes
Notes
And the
servant of the Lord must not strive -
By "the servant of the Lord" is not meant any
believer in common, but a minister of the word, as
Timothy was; such an one ought not to strive about
words to no profit, about mere words, and in a
litigious, quarrelsome manner, and for mastery and
not truth; though he may, and ought to strive for
the faith of the Gospel; this is praiseworthy in
him: ~John
Gill
2] Must not strive.
Must not
strive -
He may calmly inquire after truth; he may discuss
points of morals, or theology, if he will do it with
a proper spirit; he may “contend earnestly for the
faith once delivered to the saints” Jude 1:3; but he
may not do that which is here mentioned as strife.
The Greek word - μάχεσθαι machesthai - commonly
denotes, “to fight, to make war, to contend.” In
John 6:52; Acts 7:26; 2 Timothy 2:24;, it is
rendered “strove,” and “strive;” in James 4:2,
“fight.” It is not elsewhere used in the New
Testament. The meaning is, that the servant of
Christ should be a man of peace. He should not
indulge in the feelings which commonly give rise to
contention, and which commonly characterize it. He
should not struggle for mere victory, even when
endeavoring to maintain truth; but should do this,
in all cases, with a kind spirit, and a mild temper;
with entire candor; with nothing designed to provoke
and irritate an adversary; and so that, whatever may
be the result of the discussion, “the bond of peace”
may, if possible, be preserved; compare the notes at
Romans 12:18. ~Barnes
Notes
Quoted
verses:
Jude 1:3 ...faith
once delivered
Beloved, when I gave all diligence to write unto you
of the common salvation, it was needful for me to
write unto you, and exhort you that ye should
earnestly contend for the faith which was once
delivered unto the saints.
John 6:52
The Jews therefore strove among themselves, saying,
How can this man give us his flesh to eat?
Acts 7:26
And the next day he shewed himself unto them as they
strove, and would have set them at one again,
saying, Sirs, ye are brethren; why do ye wrong one
to another?
James 4:2
Ye lust, and have not: ye kill, and desire to have,
and cannot obtain: ye fight and war, yet ye have
not, because ye ask not.
Romans
12:18
If it be possible, as much as lieth in you, live
peaceably with all men.
Commentary:
This implies two things:
(1) We are to do our utmost endeavors to
preserve peace, and to appease the anger and
malice of others.
(2) we are not to “begin” or to “originate”
a quarrel. ~Barnes Notes |
Now
from the Adam Clarke:
The servant
of the Lord must not strive -
See on 1 Timothy 3:2 (note), 1 Timothy 3:3 (note). ~Adam
Clarke
Quoted
verses:
1 Timothy
3:2 [See
Lesson]
A bishop then must be blameless, the husband of one
wife, vigilant, sober, of good behaviour, given to
hospitality, apt to teach;
1 Timothy
3:3 [See
Lesson]
Not given to wine, no striker, not greedy of filthy
lucre; but patient, not a brawler, not covetous;
3] But be gentle unto all men.
But be gentle
unto all men -
see the notes at 1 Thessalonians 2:7. The word
rendered “gentle,” does not occur elsewhere in the
New Testament. It means that the Christian minister
is to be meek and mild toward all, not disputatious
and quarrelsome. ~Barnes
Notes
Quoted
verse:
1
Thessalonians 2:7
But we were gentle among you, even as a nurse
cherisheth her children:
Commentary:
But we were gentle among you - Instead of using authority, we used
only the most kind and gentle methods to win
you and to promote your peace and order. The
word here rendered “nurse,” may mean any one
who nurses a child, whether a mother or
another person. It seems here to refer to a
mother, and the idea is, that the apostle
felt for them the affectionate solicitude
which a mother does for the child at her
breast. ~Barnes Notes |
But be gentle unto
all men -
not only to troubled minds, and wounded consciences,
by supplying them with the precious promises and
truths of the Gospel; and to backsliders, by
restoring them in a spirit of meekness; but even to
those who contradict the truth, and themselves, by
mild and kind instructions. ~John
Gill
4] Apt to teach.
Apt to teach -
see the notes at 1 Timothy 3:2. ~Barnes
Notes
Quoted verse:
1 Timothy
3:2 ...mentioned
above [See
Lesson]
A bishop then must be blameless, the husband of one
wife, vigilant, sober, of good behaviour, given to
hospitality, apt to teach;
Apt to teach -
showing a willingness to instruct the ignorant and
obstinate, and making use of abilities given for
that purpose, notwithstanding all discouragements;
for it follows. ~John
Gill
Apt to teach -
Chiefly by patience and unwearied assiduity. ~John
Wesley Explanatory Notes
5] Patient.
Patient -
Margin, “forbearing.” The Greek word here used does
not elsewhere occur in the New Testament. It means,
patient under evils and injuries. Robinson, Lexicon.
Compare the Ephesians 4:2 note; Colossians 3:13
note. ~Barnes
Notes
Quoted
verses:
Ephesians
4:2 ...reading
verses 1-3
Ephesians
4:1-3
1. I therefore, the prisoner of the Lord, beseech
you that ye walk worthy of the vocation wherewith ye
are called,
2 With all lowliness and meekness, with
longsuffering, forbearing one another in love;
3 Endeavouring to keep the unity of the Spirit in
the bond of peace.
Colossians
3:13
Forbearing one another, and forgiving one another,
if any man have a quarrel against any: even as
Christ forgave you, so also do ye.
Patient, or
"bearing evil"; not only the infirmities of weak
brethren in the church, and the reproaches and
persecutions of profane men in the world; but also
the contradictions and oppositions of the
adversaries of truth, so as not to be irritated and
provoked, or to be discouraged, and desist from the
defence of the Gospel. ~John
Gill
Let us finish with a few quotes on gentleness:
A
Christian reveals true humility by showing the
gentleness of Christ, by being always ready to help
others, by speaking kind words and performing
unselfish acts, which elevate and ennoble the most
sacred message that has come to our world.
Nothing is so strong as gentleness, nothing so
gentle as real strength.
I learned that it is the weak who are cruel, and
that gentleness is to be expected only from the
strong.
“If a violent person wishes to attack us, let us
send him a gentle phrase as this will defuse his
violence.”
[Proverbs 15:1] |